Lesson · Facts First
The Solo 401(k)
One account, two hats: as your own employee and employer you can shelter far more than a W-2 worker ever can.
The facts
- 01For 2026 the elective deferral limit for a 401(k) is $24,500, plus an $8,000 catch-up if you are 50 or older (IRS Notice 2025-67 inflation adjustments).
- 02On top of your deferral, the business adds an employer contribution - commonly up to 25% of compensation for a W-2 employee-owner - subject to an overall 415(c) cap that adjusts yearly. Your plan document governs the exact formula.
- 03A truly self-employed (no W-2 employees, spouse excepted) owner can open one; once ineligible employees exist, the plan usually has to cover them too.
- 04Self-directed versions can hold real estate and private placements - the prohibited-transaction rules (IRC 4975) bar dealings with yourself and close family; a custodian handles title.
Sources
- IRS Notice 2025-67 (2026 401(k) limits)
- IRC Sections 402(g), 415(c)
- IRS: Solo 401(k) and prohibited transactions
Educational content only — not tax, legal, investment, or VA-benefits advice. Figures verified against the cited sources for 2026; confirm your own situation with a qualified professional before acting.
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